Bottom Line: A diet with calorie restriction two days per week was comparable to a diet with daily calorie restriction for glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Why The Research Is Interesting: Conventional weight-loss diets with daily calorie restriction are hard to stick with over time. Intermittent calorie restriction diets can be effective for weight loss. This study examined the long-term effects of a two-day intermittent calorie restriction diet with a diet of continuous calorie restriction over 12 months for patients with type 2 diabetes.
What and When: 137 patients with type 2 diabetes were assigned to 1 of 2 diets between April 2015 and September 2017
What (Study Interventions and Outcomes): 70 patients assigned to an intermittent calorie restriction diet (500-600 calories/day) on two nonconsecutive days with their regular diet the other five days per week and 67 patients assigned to a daily calorie restriction diet (1,200-1,500 calories/day) for 12 months (interventions); change in hemoglobin A1c (primary outcome)
How (Study Design): This was a randomized noninferiority trial. This type of randomized clinical trial is designed to assess whether an intervention is "no worse" than the comparison intervention.
Authors: Peter M. Clifton, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of South Australia, Adelaide, and coauthors
Results: The average change in hemoglobin A1c after a year was comparable between the two diets.
Study Limitations: The study population had well-controlled type 2 diabetes; medication adjustments can complicate interpreting changes in hemoglobin A1c levels; and study participants had more contact with a dietitian than is usual in a clinical setting
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To Learn More: The full study is available on the For The Media website.
(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.0756)
Editor's Note: The article contains funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.
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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.
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