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Home NEWS Science News

Genetic biomarker IDs patients with increased risk for heart damage by anthracycline chemo

Bioengineer by Bioengineer
December 19, 2016
in Science News
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Bottom Line: Among women with breast cancer who received a type of chemotherapy called an anthracycline, those who had a certain genetic biomarker had a significantly increased risk for having anthracycline-induced congestive heart failure.

Journal in Which the Study was Published: Clinical Cancer Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.

Author: Bryan P. Schneider, MD, associate professor of medicine at the Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center in Indianapolis.

Background: Schneider explained that the decision to undergo chemotherapy for breast cancer is not always clear cut because each patient has a different risk of relapse and different tolerance to potential adverse effects of treatment. As a result, the more information a patient and his or her oncologist have about the potential risks and benefits of treatment the better prepared they are to make good treatment decisions, he noted.

"Anthracyclines such as doxorubicin, which are widely used chemotherapeutic agents, cause congestive heart failure in about 1 to 2 percent of patients," continued Schneider. "Knowing which patients are at increased risk for this life-threatening effect of anthracycline chemotherapy is important to help oncologists counsel patients about their personal risks and benefits of such treatment."

How the Study Was Conducted and Results: Schneider and colleagues analyzed genome-wide association data from 3,431 women with breast cancer who received doxorubicin as part of treatment received through enrollment in the phase III Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) 5103 clinical trial and for whom heart assessment data were available. Among these patients, 68 (2 percent) had cardiologist-adjudicated congestive heart failure.

Because the majority of those who had cardiologist-adjudicated congestive heart failure (51) were European-American, the researchers limited the genetic association analysis to European-Americans. They identified several SNPs associated with risk of anthracycline-induced congestive heart failure.

After looking at the chromosomal location of the SNPs, the researchers chose two of the top SNPs for validation in independent data sets.

One of the two SNPs, rs28714259 was associated with risk of anthracycline-induced congestive heart failure among 2,415 women with breast cancer who received doxorubicin as part of treatment received through enrollment in the phase III ECOG 1199 clinical trial. It was also associated with low ventricular ejection fraction, which is a sign of heart damage, among 828 women with breast cancer who received doxorubicin as part of treatment through enrollment in the phase III BEATRICE clinical trial.

Author Comment: "We found that the A allele of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs28714259 was associated with increased risk of anthracycline-induced congestive heart failure among women with breast cancer," said Schneider. "Adding information gained from testing for this SNP to currently used clinical information could help oncologists provide a more precise prediction of the risks and benefits of anthracycline chemotherapy for patients with breast cancer. We are currently further testing this finding in patients receiving anthracyclines at the Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center to better understand its contribution to heart failure risk in the face of other known risk factors and comorbidities."

Limitations: According to Schneider, the study has two main limitations. First, not all of the clinical trials used the same method for assessing heart damage with corresponding long-term data. Second, the number of patients who had heart damage was relatively low because it is a rare adverse event. "As a result, additional studies in other patient groups and in the real-world setting of the clinic, as we are doing, are needed to confirm the association," Schneider said.

###

Funding & Disclosures: The study was conducted by the ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group [ACRIN (American College of Radiology Imaging Network)] and supported by funds from the Public Health Service, Susan G. Komen for the Cure, the Conquer Cancer Foundation, the Breast Cancer Research Foundation, the National Cancer Institute, the National Institutes of Health, and the Department of Health and Human Services. Schneider declares no conflicts of interest.

To interview Bryan P. Schneider, contact Julia Gunther at [email protected] or 215-446-6896.

Follow us: Cancer Research Catalyst http://blog.aacr.org; Twitter @AACR; and Facebook http://www.facebook.com/aacr.org

For AACR information, visit Fast Facts

About the American Association for Cancer Research

Founded in 1907, the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) is the world's first and largest professional organization dedicated to advancing cancer research and its mission to prevent and cure cancer. AACR membership includes more than 37,000 laboratory, translational, and clinical researchers; population scientists; other health care professionals; and patient advocates residing in 108 countries. The AACR marshals the full spectrum of expertise of the cancer community to accelerate progress in the prevention, biology, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer by annually convening more than 30 conferences and educational workshops, the largest of which is the AACR Annual Meeting with nearly 19,500 attendees. In addition, the AACR publishes eight prestigious, peer-reviewed scientific journals and a magazine for cancer survivors, patients, and their caregivers. The AACR funds meritorious research directly as well as in cooperation with numerous cancer organizations. As the Scientific Partner of Stand Up To Cancer, the AACR provides expert peer review, grants administration, and scientific oversight of team science and individual investigator grants in cancer research that have the potential for near-term patient benefit. The AACR actively communicates with legislators and other policymakers about the value of cancer research and related biomedical science in saving lives from cancer. For more information about the AACR, visit http://www.AACR.org.

Media Contact

Lauren Riley
[email protected]
215-446-7155
@aacr

http://www.aacr.org

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Story Source: Materials provided by Scienmag

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