Real-time dynamic holographic 3D display based on LN crystals

A new publication from Opto-Electronic Advances; DOI 10.29026/oea.2022.210135 considers a real-time dynamic holographic display of LN:Bi,Mg crystals and defect-related electron mobility.

Real immersion experience makes three-dimensional (3D) display a huge market demand. The dreamed 3D display in future should be viewed without auxiliary wearing devices. Holographic display is one of the techniques to realize 3D display. The word of holography comes from Greek and means all the information of an image. Holographic 3D display has been regarded as an ultimate technique that does not need visual aid and can bring people an unprecedented sense of presence. However, the realization of holographic 3D display faces many difficulties and challenges, especially the lack of refreshable holographic materials. A real-time refresh of a video requires at least 25 frames per second, that is, the response time of the material should be less than 40 ms. The shorter of the response time, the higher of a refresh rate can be obtained, which is conducive to reducing the flicker of the screen, reducing the visual fatigue of the eyes, making the display more stable and smoother, and obtaining a better viewing experience. Here, a bismuth and magnesium co-doped lithium niobate (LN:Bi,Mg) crystal is reported, with a response time of 7.2 ms. The crystal has been used to demonstrate a real-time holographic display with a refresh rate of 60 Hz, as that of the high-definition television. Compared with the commonly used liquid crystal display materials, LN crystals present many advantages, such as good temperature and chemical stability, high diffraction efficiency and no need to apply high voltage. It seems that LN:Bi,Mg a suitable candidate material for holographic 3D display. In addition, a reasonable calculation is carried out to understand the mechanism of its fast response. The results indicate that the electron mobility while Bi occupying Nb-site is significantly greater than that in Li-site, which directly induces the fast response of LN:Bi,Mg crystals when the concentration of Mg beyond its doping threshold. This work provides an ideal candidate material for holographic 3D display and expands the technique for performance control of LN crystals.

The research team of Prof. Yongfa Kong and Prof.Jingjun Xu from MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics in Nankai University propose that the real-time dynamic holographic display can be realized by LN:Bi,Mg crystal, with a refresh rate of 60 Hz, as that of the popular high-definition television. The space of humans living, and perceiving has always been three-dimensional, and nearly 80% of the information is obtained through vision. At present, most media devices mainly display in two-dimensional, while the important depth information of objects are not presented. Three-dimensional display can fully display the intensity and depth information of objects, bringing an unprecedented sense of presence. It also shows broad application prospects and great economic value in the fields of medical and health, national defense and military, virtual reality (VR)/augmented reality (AR), human-computer interaction and so on. In the current 5G information era with rapid development, it is necessary to develop high-definition naked eye real-time 3D display technology, high-throughput 3D light field real-time display and perception technology, on-the-spot realistic near eye 3D display technology and device. Holographic 3D display based on optical holography, as the ultimate true 3D display technology, has become a research hotspot with the urgent demand for 3D display in the market. The realization of holographic 3D display faces many difficulties and challenges, especially the lack of ideal materials. In this work, a real-time dynamic holographic display based on LN:Bi,Mg crystal, and the defect-related electron mobility gives a method to design photorefractive materials with fast response speed.

Article reference: Wang SL, Shan YD, Zheng DH, Liu SG, Bo F et al. The real-time dynamic holographic display of LN:Bi,Mg crystals and defect-related electron mobility. Opto-Electron Adv 5, 210135 (2022). doi: 10.29026/oea.2022.210135 

Keywords: holographic display / lithium niobate / photorefractive / electron mobility

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The research team mainly focused on nonlinear photonic materials and devices, especially on lithium niobate crystals, such as defect control, photorefractive nonlinear optics, optical damage resistance, holographic storage, holographic display, photoelectronic devices, and integrated photonics. More than 200 papers have been published in Adv. Mater., Appl. Phys. Lett., Opt. Lett. and other journals. Yongfa Kong is a Professor of Physics at Nankai University in China. He received his B.S. and M.S. degrees from Nankai University and PhD. degree at School of Material Science and Engineering of Tianjin University. He works in School of Physics of Nankai University from 1999 following postdoctoral appointments at Photonics Center of Nankai University. His research interests are diverse and cover the physics and devices of nonlinear optical and photonic materials. Jingjun Xu is the professor at the school of physics, Nankai University. He earned his B.S. in solid state physics and Ph.D. in condensed matter physics from Nankai University in 1988 and 1993, respectively. He is the founding director of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics. His current research interests include the nonlinear photonic materials, physics, and applications for information technology.

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Opto-Electronic Advances (OEA) is a high-impact, open access, peer reviewed monthly SCI journal with an impact factor of 8.933 (Journal Citation Reports for IF2021). Since its launch in March 2018, OEA has been indexed in SCI, EI, DOAJ, Scopus, CA and ICI databases over the time and expanded its Editorial Board to 36 members from 17 countries and regions (average h-index 49).

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