A retrospective case-control study has revealed distinct anterior segment and corneal biometric characteristics among patients with lens dislocation, identifying specific variations between idiopathic and traumatic etiologies when compared to cataract controls without dislocation.
Lens dislocation is a sight-threatening ocular disorder occurring through traumatic or idiopathic pathways, often presenting diagnostic difficulties because of subtle early manifestations. Previous biometric investigations into anterior segment structural changes have remained limited, leaving the biometric impacts associated with different dislocation causes incompletely understood.
The single-center clinical investigation evaluated 58 patients with lens dislocation, encompassing 63 eyes, alongside a control cohort of 112 cataract patients lacking lens dislocation. Researchers categorized the affected cohort into idiopathic lens dislocation and traumatic lens dislocation subgroups, while also evaluating an all-lens-dislocation group comprising both etiologies. Clinical ocular examinations were performed for all study participants utilizing both the IOL Master 700 optical biometer and the Pentacam HR imaging system.
Analysis of ocular dimensions demonstrated that patients with idiopathic lens dislocation exhibited significantly longer axial length than controls following statistical adjustment. In contrast, axial length differences did not achieve statistical significance in traumatic cases and did not remain statistically significant within the combined dislocation cohort. Conversely, corneal curvature was significantly flatter among traumatic and combined dislocation cases compared to controls after adjustment, whereas idiopathic cases did not display this flattening.
Measurements of corneal symmetry revealed parameter-specific and subgroup-dependent elevations across the dislocation groups. Patients with traumatic lens dislocation demonstrated greater vertical anterior corneal curvature asymmetry, whereas the combined dislocation cohort showed greater horizontal anterior corneal curvature asymmetry and Total Corneal Refractive Power asymmetry. Furthermore, greater horizontal corneal thickness asymmetry was identified across traumatic, idiopathic, and combined cohorts, and both traumatic and combined dislocation cases showed a significantly lower anterior chamber depth to white-to-white ratio than controls.
Evaluation of optical aberrations indicated that spherical aberration was significantly reduced exclusively in idiopathic lens dislocation after statistical adjustment, whereas traumatic and combined groups demonstrated non-significant decreases. Higher-order aberrations showed an elevated tendency across cases but did not reach statistical significance. In addition, researchers observed similar biometric shifts, particularly horizontal corneal thickness asymmetry, in unaffected contralateral fellow eyes, pointing toward exploratory indications of bilateral structural susceptibility in a trial registered under ChiCTR2600130426.
Subject of Research: Ocular biometric parameter alterations in patients with lens dislocation
Article Title: Ocular biometric parameters in patients with lens dislocation: a case-control study
Article References: Qiu, Y., Li, C., Yang, F., Xie, Z., Wang, Z., & Zheng, T. (2026). Ocular biometric parameters in patients with lens dislocation: a case-control study. BMC Ophthalmology. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-026-05523-z
Image Credits: AI Generated
DOI: 10.1186/s12886-026-05523-z
Keywords: lens dislocation, idiopathic lens dislocation, traumatic lens dislocation, ocular biometry, corneal curvature, axial length, Pentacam HR, IOL Master 700, corneal asymmetry, horizontal corneal thickness asymmetry, ACD/WTW ratio, spherical aberration, higher-order aberrations, Total Corneal Refractive Power, anterior segment biometry, cataract controls, fellow eye biometry
News Source: Ophelia Keating. (November 12, 2026). Lens Dislocation Subtypes Exhibit Distinct Corneal and Anterior Segment Biometric Changes. Scienmag.
